Owing to the existence of the stress singularities on the crack tip, stress intensity factors of plate surface crack are calculated by three-dimensional finite element method, and 3-D prismatic quarter point 20-node isoparametric degenerate paradoxical elements are used for the region near the crack tip. 考虑到裂纹前缘处的应力奇异性,在利用有限元方法计算平板表面裂纹的应力强度因子时,裂纹前缘采用三维四分之一分点20节点等参退化奇异单元。